PA21 Handbook
Table of Contents
Preface
6
About the authors
7
Some final words
7
Part
1: Introduction
9
Overview of contents
10
Importance of PA21
12
PA21 as the highest framework of
development
13
Part 2: Prevailing context for PA21
17
Globalization problematique: the limits of competition and the “free market”
18
Cut-throat globalization: threat to
nature, society, and the Filipino spirit
18
The myth of the “free market”
19
The “free market” and the culture
of competition
19
Impoverishment through
economic growth: PA21 and GDP/GNP
21
Economic growth: decay measured as
progress
21
Part 3: Conceptual foundations of
PA21 25
What is sustainable development?—A prelude
26
Threefold image of society in PA21 27
False forms of threefolding 29
Civil society
31
Seven dimensions of development in PA21
33
Key concepts for advocacy and policy
formulation
33
Support from economic theory
33
Implications for advocacy and policy
formulation
33
Spirituality
35
PA21’s idea of sustainable development
38
PA21, holism and the overcoming of reductionism
39
Part
4: Operational foundations of PA21
41
Governing liberalization and globalization
42
Reforming measures of progress 45
From globalization to sustainable development through
threefolding
46
Institutionalizing support for civil society
49
Spatial and regional aspects of sustainable development
50
SIAD: key implementing strategy of PA21
50
Part 5: PA21 principles of unity
55
Introduction
56
Where are we now?
56
What is sustainable development? 61
Where do we want to go?
62
How do we get there?
64
Philippine Agenda 21 is the nation’s blueprint for
sustainable development
68
Part
6: PA21 perspectives on issues and major groups
69
PA21 and women
70
PA21 and youth
71
PA21 and indigenous peoples 72
PA21 and farmers
73
PA21 and fisherfolk
74
PA21 and urban poor
75
PA21 and academe
76
PA21 and media
77
PA21 and religious groups 78
PA21 and local government units 79
PA21 and business
81
PA21 and poverty
82
PA21 and labor
83
PA21 and the family
84
PA21 and consumption
85
PA21 and cost internalization 86
PA21 and sustainable agriculture 88
PA21 and energy
89
PA21 and biodiversity
90
Part
7: PA21 inconsistencies
91
Inconsistencies in the executive summary
92
Inconsistencies in the principles of unity
92
Inconsistencies in chapter 2 93
Inconsistencies in chapter 3 94
Appendix
1: Executive issuances on PCSD and PA21
97
Executive Order No. 15 98
Executive Order No. 370
102
Memorandum Order No. 399 108
Memorandum Order No. 47
110
Appendix
2: FVR speeches on PA21
113
Philippine Agenda 21: towards sustainable development
114
APEC, civil society and sustainable development
117
Selected
topic index for PA21
120
